3^rd International Conference on Hepatitis November 10-11, 2022 Madrid, Spain

Track 1: Hepatitis and its Types

Hepatitis is a liver infection that causes inflammation. Hepatitis is most usually caused by a viral infection, although it can also be caused by other factors. Auto immune hepatitis and hepatitis caused by pharmaceuticals, narcotics, poisons, and alcohol are examples of these. Autoimmune hepatitis occurs when your body produces antibodies against your liver tissue. Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E are viral illnesses of the liver that are categorised. An invasive technique called liver biopsy involves taking a sample of tissue from your liver to examine how infection or inflammation has impacted your liver. Corticosteroids, such as prednisone or budesonide, are critical in the early therapy of autoimmune hepatitis.

Track 2: Hepatitis: Care and Cure

Before receiving any vaccines or medications, the patient should have a blood test to see if they have antibodies to the virus, in which case immunisation or medication is unnecessary. The most common form of treatment is supportive care, with specific problems handled as needed. If a patient has Fulminant Hepatic Failure, liver transplantation may be an option in some circumstances (FHF). Patients who are at risk of contracting the acute hepatitis A virus (HAV) should be immunised. With a medicine called pegylated interferon-alpha, about 25% of individuals with chronic hepatitis B can be cured. A medication combination of pegylated interferon and ribavirin is the most effective treatment for hepatitis C virus.

Track 3: Hepatitis Vaccination

Vaccination is both safe and effective, and it is strongly advised for everyone. When the hepatitis C virus was discovered more than 20 years ago, efforts to develop a vaccine began. The virus that causes hepatitis C is more varied than the viruses that cause hepatitis A and B. There are at least six genetically different versions of the hepatitis C virus, each with 50 subtypes. A worldwide vaccination would need to protect against all of the virus's variations. Hepatitis A is caused by a virus that is transmitted primarily by the fecal-oral route, which occurs when small amounts of infected faeces are mistakenly consumed. Infected people begin shedding huge amounts of the virus in their stool two weeks before symptoms appear and continue to do so for the rest of their lives.

Track 4: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Gastrointestinal endoscopy is a method that allows doctors to view within the gastrointestinal tract by moving from side to side. Gastrointestinal endoscopy can be done as an inpatient procedure or as an outpatient procedure. This procedure is used to evaluate gastrointestinal disorders such as ulcers, inflamed mucus, abnormal growth, and colon haemorrhage. Endoscopy is given different titles depending on the portion of the digestive system the doctor wants to examine.

Track 5:  Molecular Biology of Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E Viruses

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a member of the Picornaviridae family and the genus Hepatovirus. It is normally non-enveloped and spherical in shape. HAV has a positive single-stranded RNA that is encased in a protein shell known as the capsid. Hepatogenous virus (HAV) is a type of virus that affects the liver. The hepatitis B virus (HBV) belongs to the small DNA virus family. HBV replicates in the host's hepatocytes by reverse transcription of viral RNA. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a domestic Flaviviridae virus belonging to the genus Hepacivirus. HCV has a lipid membrane envelope covering on the outside. Hepatitis D virus (HDV), commonly known as hepatitis delta virus, is a virus that causes hepatitis. It's an enveloped virus with a spherical shape. The HDV genome is a closed and circular negative sense single stranded RNA genome. Hepatitis E is a virus that infects the liver.

Track 6: Liver Diseases Diagnosis

Liver disease diagnosis involves a group of blood tests called liver function tests has been advocated with the intention to look after specific liver problems or genetic conditions. These tests are done to accurately diagnose the underlying cause and to stop it from progressing. Blood tests, imaging studies, or a tissue sample examination may be recommended by your doctor. Abnormal liver tests evaluate the liver's ability to synthesise proteins, such as albumin and clotting factors, as well as the liver's ability to digest medications.

Track 7: HCV/HIV Co-infection

HCV and HIV co-infection is correlated with accelerated hepatic fibrosis advancement and high rates of liver deterioration and death when compared to HCV monoinfection. Among HIV-infected patients, liver dysfunction is a leading cause of non-AIDS-related mortality. Hepatitis C virus is found in about one-third of HIV patients. Hepatitis C virus can be transmitted in the same way that HIV and Hepatitis B do. HIV not only hastens the beginning of liver damage, but it also hastens the onset of liver infection. Patients who are co-infected with HCV and HIV must work closely with their doctors to monitor and treat both illnesses.

Track 8: Liver Inflammation and Immunology

The human liver is thought to be a non-immunological organ that primarily performs metabolic, nutrient storage, and detoxification functions, but it has a number of unique immunological properties, including immune tolerance induction, strong innate immunity, poor adaptive immunity versus over-reactive autoimmunity, and hematopoiesis in the foetal liver. With a wide immune cell repertoire as well as non-hematopoietic cell populations, the healthy liver is a hub of immunological activity. Hepatocytes, for example, have intrinsic immunity that protects them from hepatic and systemic bacterial infections. Kupffer cells, also known as stellate macrophages or Kupffer-Browicz cells, are specialized macrophages that line the walls of the sinusoids and are part of the mononuclear phagocyte system.

Track 9: Pancreatic Diseases

The pancreas is a gland that aids in digestion and the generation of hormones. Before digestive juices, or enzymes, are released into the small intestine, this organ secretes and activates them. These enzymes aid in the digestion of food and harmones, as well as the regulation of blood sugar levels. Acute pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis are two types of pancreatitis with differing origins and symptoms, as well as treatment options. Gallstones or drunkenness are the most prevalent causes of acute pancreatitis, which is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas. Chronic pancreatitis is a pancreatic inflammatory condition that progresses over time. When digestive enzymes are discharged into the small intestine and begin targeting the pancreas, this occurs.

Track 10: Liver Transplantation and Surgery

Hepatic transplantation is another term for liver transplantation. It is a procedure in which the injured or diseased liver is replaced with a healthy liver from a donor. It is a promising treatment option for irreversible and severe liver disease. Graft rejection, biliary and vascular problems are all more likely after a liver transplant. The procedure for liver transplantation includes three steps: chilling, hepatic transplanting, and post-transplant immunosuppression.

Track 11: Alternative Medicine Use for Liver Diseases

Natural therapies for liver disease treatment have a long history, beginning with Ayurvedic medicine and spreading to Chinese, European, and other traditional medicine systems. The twenty-first century has seen a paradigm change toward therapeutic evaluation of herbal products in liver illnesses, combining the strengths of traditional medical systems with the modern notion of evidence-based medicinal evaluation and herbal product standardisation. For a long time, herbal medications have been utilised to treat liver problems, particularly in Eastern medicine. There are a variety of herbal preparations on the market.

Track 12: Critical care and Hepatology Nursing

The Critical care nursing for liver diseases offers care to patients in potentially life-threatening conditions requiring life support system and other intensive medical interventions. The patients with liver disease or failure are admitted to a Critical Care Unit.

·         Nursing care for end stage liver diseases

·         Medical emergency for acute liver failure (ALF)

·         Clinical hepatology and nursing

·         Critical liver disease nursing

 

Track 13: Liver Cancer and Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatic cancer, commonly known as liver cancer, is a kind of cancer that begins in the cells of the liver. More cancers spread to the liver than cancers that start in the liver cells. Metastatic cancer is cancer that starts in another part of the body and subsequently spreads to the liver. Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most prevalent form, and it starts in the hepatocyte, which is the most common type of liver cell. Malignant hepatoma is a term used to describe hepatocellular cancer. Viral hepatitis (hepatitis B or C), metabolic poisons like alcohol or aflatoxin, and disorders like hemochromatosis are the most common causes of this cancer. Treatment choices for HCC and diagnosis are determined by a variety of parameters, including tumour size, stage, and extent of hepatic injury.

Track 14: Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition

The goal of paediatric gastroenterology research is to reduce baby and child mortality rates, restrict the spread of infectious disease, promote healthy lifestyles for a long, disease-free life, and assist children and adolescents with their challenges. It is clear that understanding the major and primary subjects in gastroenterology will help you achieve this goal. It covers the treatments that are used to help children's gastrointestinal health.

·         Clinical Gastroenterology

·         Pediatric Nutrition

·         Endoscopy in Children

·         Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases

·         Abdominal pain in childhood

Track 15: Advancement in New Drug Discovery for Treatment of Hepatitis

The current existing treatments eliminates the virus in only a little more than half of all patients. These medications may also have unpleasant side effects, making it difficult for patients to take them. Hepatitis treatment has changed dramatically in recent years as a result of enormous research discoveries. This progress has occurred in the previous three years, with new and effective medicines changing the course of many patients' condition. Biopharmaceutical researchers' scientific breakthroughs are already having a noticeable impact on thousands of patients.

Track 16: Recent Advances in the Viral Hepatitis C Treatment

Hepatitis C sickness is now treated with a limited number of medicines. However, direct acting antiviral drugs, a newer medication category, has been added. Direct acting antiviral medicines work by targeting specific phases in the hepatitis C virus lifecycle and disrupting the viral replication process, hence limiting infection.